![]() As output, the SISDRENA model provides information about drainage system design and indexes of water stress, productivity, and profitability. Evapotranspiration calculated with the Thornthwaite method (using observed and simulated data) and precipitation data were used as input for the SISDRENA model, which evaluates the performance of one-dimensional drainage systems. This study also evaluates the performance of the Eta regional climate model to simulate precipitation and air temperature for the study area. Our goal is to optimize drainage system designs that account for changes in climate using different drain spacing and types of soil in Camp-inas, Brazil. Our aim is to determine the effects of regional climate change on the relationship between drain spacing, corn productivity, and profitability and to derive estimates of productivity and profitability until the year 2100 using different future scenarios of climate simulation (CNTRL, HIGH, LOW, and MIDI). The hypothesis of this article is that regional climate change may affect the profitability and productivity of corn, which may require changes in the optimum design of drainage systems in the future. Many natural systems are being affected by regional climate change. This research contributes to better farmer management and decision making, providing recommendations for the best layout for current and future climate, and indicates trends in corn productivity in future scenarios. In general, in RCP4.5 the tendency is to increase 3% of productivity (not significant), while in RCP8.5 the tendency is to decrease 1% (significant), compared to the baseline period. We found that there is no agreement between RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, which shows uncertainty in the results. In historical simulation and future projections, it is found large variability in corn productivity over the years. In terms of both profitability and productivity, the 10-m spacing between drains is the most recommended. Changes in precipitation depend on location. We found a large variability of precipitation in both historical simulation and future projections. There is a tendency for increased evapotranspiration in both scenarios in the future. We concluded that there are variations in evapotranspiration over the years in the historical simulation, but in the future, this variability tends to be higher. For the future projections, we use the greenhouse gas emission scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, from 2046 to 2070. The baseline period of the simulation is from 1981 to 2005. SISDRENA model is used as input, daily precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration, properties of the drainage system, data of crop requirement, and physical and hydrological soil parameters. We investigate the impacts of climate changes in corn crop profitability and productivity in Parana (Brazil), using SISDRENA model, considering different spacings between drains. A Mann-Kendall, nonparametric test performed on simulated corn grain and biomass yields attributable to climate change under B1 emission scenarios showed neither an increasing nor a decreasing trend at a 95% confidence level. Grain and biomass production from 2040-2069 under B1 emission scenarios responded differently (P<0.05) for the three N treatments. Tukey's studentized range (HSD) test of corn grain yield indicated that yields at high and low N and high and medium N were different at the 95% confidence level. Total dry biomass was also underestimated by 0.9-2.6 Mg ha-1. Corn grain yield was underestimated by 1.5-2.6 Mg ha-1 for the 2years of measurement. The 2008 data set was selected for calibration, whereas the 2009 data set was used for validation of the model. The impacts of climate change on simulated grain corn and biomass yield in eastern Canada under tile-drained conditions was also evaluated over a 30-year future period (2040-2069). This study evaluated the performance of the simulateur multidisciplinaire pour les cultures standard (STICS) crop model for predicting grain yield and dry biomass of corn under three nitrogen (N) treatments-low, medium, and high N levels-applied on a conventional drainage field in eastern Canada over a 2-year period. ![]()
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